IJPMBS 2025 Vol.14(1): 24-33
doi: 10.18178/ijpmbs.14.1.24-33
doi: 10.18178/ijpmbs.14.1.24-33
The Potential Relationship between GREM1 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Yi Chen
The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University CN, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
Email: chenyijack771214@163.com
Email: chenyijack771214@163.com
Manuscript received January 2, 2025; revised February 5, 2025; accepted February 11, 2025; published February 18, 2025.
Abstract—GREM1 has been confirmed to be involved in the mechanisms of fibrosis, tumors, and cardiovascular diseases. This article aims to discuss the potential relationship between GREM1 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), with mechanisms possibly related to BMP-Smad, MIF, VEGFR-2, and other signaling pathways that induce EMT, ECM protein deposition, inflammatory responses, protease/antiprotease imbalance, vascular remodeling, and more. GREM1 may be a potential therapeutic target for COPD.
Keywords—GREM1 (Gremlin), Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), BMP-Smad pathway, macrophage chemotaxis, protease/antiprotease imbalance, VEGFR2
Cite: Yi Chen, "The Potential Relationship between GREM1 and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease," International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 24-33, 2025.
Copyright © 2025 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
