Abstract—Neuropathological pain is a kind of clinical high-incidence disease that is difficult to cure. It not only affects the normal life of patients but also increases the incidence of anxiety and depression in patients. Neuropathic pain has many causes, ranging from physical and chemical injury to metabolic complex neuropathy. The common clinical manifestations include spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia, paresthesia, and so on. Current studies have shown that the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain is complex, including anatomical changes and functional impairment, often caused by a variety of mechanisms. These include peripheral sensitization, central sensitization, dysfunction of the descending inhibitory system, activation of glial cells in the spinal cord, and changes in ion channels. At present, the common treatment methods include drug therapy, neuromodulation, and minimally invasive treatment, but the efficacy of traditional treatment is not ideal. The emerging treatment methods include stem cell therapy and platelet-rich plasma, and the emergence of new treatment methods provides a new direction for the treatment of neuropathological pain. This article reviews the research progress of neuropathological pain, in order to provide a certain basis for the clinical treatment of neuropathological pain. 
 

Keywords—neuropathic pain, mechanism, pharmacotherapy, stem cell therapy, platelet-rich plasma therapy

Cite: Han Bi, "Research Progress of Mechanisms and Treatments for Neuropathic Pain," International Journal of Pharma Medicine and Biological Sciences, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 9-16, 2025.

Copyright © 2025 by the authors. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).