Abstract—Talaromyces marneffei has a very high mortality rate and is prone to devastating effects on immunocompromised people, but there is far less attention paid to diseases caused by Talaromyces marneffei are globally. Diseases that caused by Talaromyces marneffei may present with fever, anemia, emaciation, respiratory symptoms, hepatosplenomegaly, lymph node enlargement, and osteolytic destruction. The treatment of Talaromyces marneffei infection is limited, and the commonly used drugs are amphotericin B, itraconazole and voriconazole. In this paper, the biological characteristics, epidemiology, infection and pathogenic mechanism of Talaromyces marneffei were systematically discussed in order to provide theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of Talaromycosis. 

Keywords—Talaromyces marneffei, virulence factor, bidirectional fungus, immune system